{"id":31,"date":"2011-05-23T17:10:59","date_gmt":"2011-05-23T09:10:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/?p=31"},"modified":"2022-09-07T17:30:08","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T09:30:08","slug":"morphology-of-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/?p=31","title":{"rendered":"\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a9 Written by J.Y. WANG<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5904\u4e8e\u8d77\u6b65\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u624d\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u624d\u6709\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u7ed3\u6784\u5916\u5f62\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u62d3\u6251\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6784\u601d\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u6309\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u73b0\u72b6\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5f52\u7c7b\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u6c42\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6784\u601d\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u3001\u7269\u7406\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u503c\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4eff\u751f\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u662f\u6784\u9020\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u56fe1-6\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002\u6839\u636e\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u5927\u81f4\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\uff1a1\uff09\u5bf9\u66f2\u7ebf\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u79fb\u3001\u7f29\u653e\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u76f8\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u66f2\u9762\uff1b2\uff09\u76f4\u7eb9\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u76f8\u540c\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u6bb5\u901a\u8fc7\u5df2\u77e5\u5bfc\u7ebf\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u6210\u66f2\u9762\uff1b3\uff09\u89e3\u6790\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u89e3\u6790\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u66f2\u9762\uff1b4\uff09\u975e\u5747\u5300\u6709\u7406B\u6837\u6761\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5B\u6837\u6761\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u610f\u66f2\u9762\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u66f2\u9762\u5f62\u6001\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4e0e\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u5207\u5272\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c,\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u56fe1-7\u4e3a\u67d0\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u7684\u6210\u5f62\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8be5\u66f2\u9762\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u5c0f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5272\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5965\u8fd0\u573a\u9986\u201c\u9e1f\u5de2\u201d\u7684\u6210\u5f62\u4e5f\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u66f2\u9762\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u3002\u56fe1-8\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u76f8\u8fde\u7403\u7684\u5207\u9762\u6765\u6784\u9020\u81ea\u7531\u66f2\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
 \"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u56fe1-6 \u66f2\u9762\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u66f2\u9762\u521b\u6784\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u8131\u79bb\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u66f2\u9762\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5982\u7ec4\u5408\u5706\u5f27\u65cb\u8f6c\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u5207\u5272\uff08\u5927\u9986\u6811\u6d77\u7a79\u9876\uff09\uff0c\u5e73\u79fb\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u67cf\u6797\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u6cb3\u9a6c\u9986\uff0c1997\u5e74\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\uff0c2004\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684Edgar Stach\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u81ea1838\u5e74Henry Moseley\u5f00\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u8d1d\u7c7b\u5f62\u6001\u4ee5\u6765\u7ee7\u968f\u540e\u7684Thompson, Raup, Cortie, Dawkins\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u30022004\u5e74\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684James Glymph, Dennis Shelden, Cristiano, Judith Mussel, Hans Schober\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u8868\u9762\u5e73\u79fb\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
  \"\"a) \u51e0\u4f55\u539f\u578b                           b) \u5efa\u7b51\u9e1f\u77b0\u56fe                         c) \u5efa\u7b51\u5185\u666f<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u56fe1-7 \u66f2\u9762\u5207\u5272\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

 \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u56fe1-8 \u66f2\u9762\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u7269\u7406\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u7269\u7406\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u501f\u52a9\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u6765\u751f\u6210\u66f2\u9762\u5373\u7531\u5e73\u8861\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0e\u529b\u6d41\u3001\u6216\u8005\u7531\u5f62\u6001\u62b5\u6297\u800c\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5f62\u4e0e\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e86\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u732e\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff08\u5982\u56fe1-9\u6240\u793a\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
 \"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u81ea\u7531\u66f2\u9762\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

1\uff0e\u60ac\u6302\u7d22\u7f51\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u9884\u5f20\u529b\u7684\u7d22\u7f51\u4e0a\u9762\u65bd\u52a0\u81ea\u91cd\u8377\u8f7d\u540e\u56fa\u5b9a\u6210\u578b\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff0e\u6c14\u6ce1\u819c\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8584\u819c\u7684\u52bf\u80fd\u5728\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u6781\u5c0f\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n

3\uff0e\u5145\u6c14\u819c\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u819c\u65bd\u52a0\u5185\u538b\u800c\u751f\u6210\u66f2\u9762\uff1b<\/p>\n

4\uff0e\u9884\u5e94\u529b\u7d22\u7f51\u6cd5\uff1a\u5bf9\u7d22\u7f51\u7ed3\u6784\u65bd\u52a0\u9884\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u627e\u5f62\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n

5\uff0e\u5176\u4ed6\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u503c\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6570\u503c\u751f\u6210\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8c03\u6574\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6539\u8fdb\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u4eff\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u8fdb\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6839\u636eMises\u5e94\u529b\u7b49\u503c\u7ebf\uff08\u9762\uff09\u5bf9\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u4fdd\u7559\u3001\u6dd8\u6c70\u3001\u8865\u5145\u201d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9010\u6b65\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u5e94\u529b\u5747\u5300\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56fe1-10\u6240\u793a\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8c03\u6574\u6cd5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u5bf9\u66f2\u9762\u5f62\u72b6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u654f\u611f\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574\u66f2\u9762\u4e0a\u5404\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5408\u7406\u66f2\u9762\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u56fe1-11\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 \"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u56fe1-10 \u5361\u5854\u5c14\u6559\u80b2\u57ce\u4f1a\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a250.0 m\u957f\u00d730.0 m\u5bbd\u00d720.0 m\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e24\u652f\u627f\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a100m\u3002\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 \"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u56fe1-11 \u65e5\u672c\u798f\u5188\u5e02\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u56ed\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bbe\u65bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4eff\u751f\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u81ea\u7136\u603b\u662f\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u7528\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6784\u5f62\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u6784\u601d\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u56fe1-12\u6240\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u60ca\u5947\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u51b0\u5ddd\u548c\u8d1d\u58f3\u9762\u5c45\u7136\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4eff\u751f\u5b66\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u67d0\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5f62\u8c61\u6784\u6210\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63a2\u5bfb\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u89c4\u5f8b\u800c\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u539f\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6839\u636e\u751f\u4ea7\u5b9e\u9645\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u751f\u7269\u8d44\u6599\u4e88\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\uff0c\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u628a\u751f\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u201c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\u6210\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u53ef\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5b9e\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
  a) \u51b0\u5ddd                                          b) \u8d1d\u58f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 \u56fe1-12 \u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u8d1d\u58f3\u5f62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u54ea\u7c7b\u5f62\u6001\u6784\u601d\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u5728\u94a2\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u53ca\u8584\u819c\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6b64\u79cd\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u6784\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u9884\u5236\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u91d1\u5c5e\u7ebf\u6750\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u5355\u5143\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u5206\u5272\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u7a76\u5373\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f51\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u8131\u79bb\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u591a\u6837\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u5982\u56fe13\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6700\u8fd1\u5de5\u7a0b\u56fd\u5bb6\u6e38\u6cf3\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u6c34\u7acb\u65b9\uff09\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u662f\u7531\u6c14\u6ce1\u9635\u5217\u7406\u8bba\u7ecf12\u9762\u4f53\u548c14\u9762\u4f53\u586b\u5145\u7a7a\u95f4\u540e\u7528\u5e73\u9762\u5207\u5272\u6784\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u80b2\u573a\uff08\u9e1f\u5de2\uff09\u7684\u5728\u4e3b\u6846\u67b6\u786e\u5b9a\u540e\u968f\u673a\u9644\u4ee5\u7f16\u7ec7\u7269\u7ebf\u6761\u6784\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\uff0c1997\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684J. Fonseca\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7531\u529b\u7ebf\u786e\u5b9a\u4f20\u529b\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u30022004\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684Edgar Stach\u4ece\u751f\u7269\u754c\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u4f18\u5316\u89d2\u5ea6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6c14\u6ce1\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u81ea\u589e\u751f\u7ed3\u6784\u30022004\u5e74\u4e39\u9ea6\u7684T. Wester\u4ece\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u56fe\u50cf\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u52a8\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6784\u6210\u7f51\u683c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u70b9\u3001\u7ebf\u3001\u9762\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5076\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671fRoger Penrose\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4Penrose\u56fe\u53ca\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671fDan Schechtman\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7684Penrose\u56fe\u30022006\u5e74\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684Michael BURT\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u51761966\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7531\u5468\u671f\u591a\u5b54\u66f2\u9762\u548c\u5468\u671f\u591a\u5b54\u591a\u9762\u4f53\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5341\u4e5d\u548c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55[19]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
 \"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u56fe1-13 \u65b0\u9896\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f51\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u62d3\u6251\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5904\u4e8e\u8d77\u6b65\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u624d\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u624d\u6709\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u7ed3\u6784\u5916\u5f62\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u62d3\u6251\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6784\u601d\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u6309\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u73b0\u72b6\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5f52\u7c7b\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u6c42\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6784\u601d\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u51e0\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u3001\u7269\u7406\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u503c\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4eff\u751f\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[18,11,9],"class_list":["post-31","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-principle","tag-space-structure","tag-structural-morphology","tag-notes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=31"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/40"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=31"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=31"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/101.37.83.176\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=31"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}